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第48期 |
泥岩邊坡處理 |
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李德河 |
1994/12/01 |
90 |
無庫存
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| 鐘廣吉 |
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| 在鑽探界一般對水平鑽探工作視為困難工程具挑戰性。當今六年國建的項目中,又以交通建設為主,台灣本島多高山峻嶺且地質構造複雜,在當前更為嚴謹的道路、橋樑、隧道的工程設計需求下,水平鑽探工作更突顯其重要性。僅將建安計劃水平孔施鑽經過概述,以提供工程界參考。 |
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| It is tough task for horizontal hole drilling in unstable overburden , faults ,fractured zone or swelling ground geological formations 。 But the technology of horizontal hole drillong will play a dominant role in great portion of the Six-year Construction Projects, specially for funnel , roacl , or bridge constructions。 The major purpose of this paper is frying to provide an usefulexperience to those pepole interested in horizontal hole drilling technology 。 |
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| 李德河、紀雲曜、田坤國 |
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| 泥(頁)岩、南化泥岩、工程地質特性、沖蝕、防災 |
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台灣西南地區有一超過一千平方公里之地表是被一些以泥(頁)岩為主之地層所覆蓋，在這個地區經常發生一些與坡地有關之地質災害，其中尤其是以南化泥岩範圍內之沖蝕災害為最嚴重且最不容易處理。
本文綜合以往之研究資料來描敘台南西南部地區各泥(頁)岩地層的工程地質特性，其中大部份資料是與南化泥岩有關。文中也推測造成南化泥岩嚴重沖蝕的主要原因及防治此災害的基本原則。 |
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| In southwestern Taiwan, a land of over 1000 km2 is covered by the geological formations consist of mainly mudstone or shale. The slopes in this region have a lot of natural hazards which are related to their geological characteristics. Among these geological formations, Nanhua Mudstone is the worst one for geological hazard especially for ersion problems. This paper summarize the previous study about the engineering geological characteristics of the mudstones (shales) in southwestern Taiwan. Most of the geomaterial are related to Nanhua Mudstone. It also postulate the major causes of the erosion problem of Nanhua Mudstone and suggest several principles for the hazard mitigation methods. |
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| 蔡光榮 |
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| 泥岩、崩解、沖蝕、邊坡保護工法 |
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| 西南部泥岩區涵蓋的面積超過一千平方公里，巨厚的泥岩是沉積岩中工程性質最不穩定者，其特性是遇水崩解、易風化、沖蝕率特大以及強度隨著含水量的增加而降低。由於泥岩的基本特性，造成泥岩區中廣泛邊坡沖蝕、崩壞、泥流及沉陷等地質災害的發生，亦使水庫壽命減少。現今泥岩邊坡傳統式保護工法被調查，並評估其成效；研究中之保護工法為國工局之泥岩挖方邊坡多種保護工法全尺寸試驗，以實際觀測結果評估這些工法的保護成效。以上藉由本文之論述，提供工程設計參考。 |
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| More than 1000 km2 area located in both Tainan and Kaoshiung counties in Taiwan is covered by a young and weakly cemented mudstone formation. The characteristics of the mudstone are sensitive in slaking, and weathering, with high erosion rate, and the strength decreased when the water content increased. Owing to these special characteristics, the disaster, such as erosion, plane sliding, rock falling, mud flow and subsidence, and also resulted in reducing the life of the reservoir etc. occurs frequently in the mudstone slope. The conventional slope protection methods used in mudstone area investigated. A project with full scale tests used to overcome the engineering problems of mudstone occurred in Kaoshiung county of Taiwan has been supported by the Taiwan Area National Expressway Engineering Bureau. This paper comments about mentioned methods in detail for engineering design reference for mudstone area in the southwest of Taiwan. |
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| 張達德、徐振能、聶豫珍 |
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| 不織布, 泥岩植生復育, 防沖 |
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本研究的目的, 利用三種不織布製成之植生帶與稻草蓆植生帶作植生試驗 ,
以探討不織布植生帶在泥岩裸露邊坡植生綠化的適用性。經多年試驗得以下之結
果：用不織布加P.E.遮光網製成之複製植生帶, 對於小粒種子之發芽、植物初期
生長及泥岩邊坡防沖之效果最佳, 次為不織布加稻草蓆植生帶, 再次為單製不織
布植生帶; 單製稻草蓆植生帶有利於大粒種子之發芽, 但對坡面之防沖效果差。 |
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The purpose of this study is to find out the favorable vegetation
mat which can be successfully applied on the nuded mudstone areas.
Four mats were used including nonwoven fabric, straw mat, nonwoven
fabric with straw mat, and nonwoven fabric with P.E net.
The conclusion of this research can be made as follow : The
vegetation which mat made of nonwoven fabric with P.E net is the best
material for small seeds germination, vegetation growth, and hillslope
stabilization on nuded mudstone areas. Next suitable material is straw
with nonwoven fabric , vegetation mat made of straw only is the worst
for plant growth and hillslope stabilization but beneficial for
germination of larger seeds. |
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| 田永銘、張惠文、王仁正 |
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| 泥岩、地工織物、水力坡降比、過濾/排水 |
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| 泥岩邊坡開挖、棄方、填土或相關工程中，由於其吸水後軟化，進而降低其抗剪強度之特性，嚴重影響邊坡穩定性。因此，在探討泥岩邊坡問題時，柔性加勁土工法應可有效利用解決此問題。設計考量中，除了加勁的相關行為外，防止土壤顆粒流失與建立良好排水系統，亦為重要考因慮素。本文針對歷年來國科會大型防災計畫之成果，以及相關之研究，綜合加勁應用之力學行為及過濾排水之要求，提出相關研究心得供工程界參考。 |
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When cutting, embankment, and related construction in mudstone slope area, the stability problems causing by the erosion and softening behaviors of mudstone material has been bothered engineering for years. To solve these engineering problems, the flexible retaining structure, "Geotextile-reinforced earth/slope", is suggested to apply in the field. Besides reinforcing related properties, the requirements of filtration and drainage systems are also the important factors
for design. This paper provide the summary of the results from series studies which where sponsored under National Science Council. The specification of the mechanical properties and the function of filtration/drainage for geotextile and material interface are properly suggested herein, for design consideration. |
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| 蔡錦松、張中正 |
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| 泥岩碎屑，穩定處理，石灰，卜作嵐反應 |
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| 未添加任何穩定劑的壓實泥岩碎屑由於力學性質及體積穩定性不佳，並非良好的填方材料。泥岩碎屑經石灰穩定處理後可大幅提高其強度、承載力，同時可有效降低泥岩的回脹性、壓縮性及對水的敏感性，添加3%～6%石灰可有效改良泥岩碎屑的工程性質，適合作為路基材料之用。然而，額外添加卜作嵐材料，對於泥岩碎屑的穩定成效並無明顯的助益。 |
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The compacted mudstone fragment, without adding any stabilizer is not suitable for fill material, since it is without good mechanical properties and
volumetric stability. Mudstone fragment stabilized with lime has many beneficial
effects: An increase in strength, an increase in bearing capacity, a reduction
of swelling, a reduction of compressibility and a reduction fo the moisture-sensitivity. Adding 3%～6% lime to mudstone is the economic and reasonable one to improve engineering properties and suitable for the subgrade materials. From the point of view of soil stabilization it is not necessary to add excess pozzolanic material for mudstone fragment. |
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