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第70期 |
設計與施工規範之探討 |
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張文城 |
1998/12/01 |
90 |
無庫存
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| REVISION FOR DESIGN CODE AND SPECIFICATIONS OF BUILDING FOUNDATIONS |
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| 陳正興、張森源、胡邵敏、周功台、鍾毓東 |
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| 建築技術規則、基礎構造、設計規範 |
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| 內政部目前正著手研修我國現行建築技術規則基礎構造條文及設計規範，本文介紹此次研修之背景、方式及修訂之主要內容，以供工程界參考。研修時採規範與規則分離之原則，使規則部份僅包含原則性之規定，而將有關設計技術之細節規定獨立出來，置於新修訂之「建築物基礎構造設計規範」中，並加附解說，使其易於運用與更新。 |
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| The 1974 version of Design Code and Specifications of Building Foundations which is now considered outdated, is being revised by the Ministry of the Interior. This Paper summaries the background of the revised proposal, the principles of changes, and its work process. It also highlights some main areas of revisions being made. The proposed Design Code will consist of general regulations only and the Design Specifications will include all detailed design considerations, methodologies, analyses and safety requirements. In addition, elaborate commentaries have been incorporated into the updated Design Specification for designer’s reference and further enhancement. |
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| AN ELABORATION ON CONSTRUCTION CODE OF FOUNDATION ENGINEERING |
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| 張吉佐、黃崇仁、江政恩 |
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| 施工規範、回填夯實、袪水工法、靜動載試樁 |
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| 我國基礎工程施工規範(含解說)，已於1995年由內政部建築研究所委託中國土木水利工程學會編訂完成。本文對部份無法於規範條文中詳述之內容提出闡述說明，諸如基樁完整性檢驗、打樁動力公式、袪水工法及回填夯實作業檢驗標準；並對未及放入規範但迄今已日漸成熟且有足夠工程案例之施工技術研擬相關規範，諸如靜動載試樁及地盤改良之動力壓密法等，以供有關工程人員參考，並為日後增修規範之參考。 |
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| The national construction code of foundation engineering was edited by Chinese Institute of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering in 1995. This paper elaborates some contents that can not be well explained in the code, for example: pile integrity test, dynamic piling formula, dewatering method, and inspection frequency of compacted fill. This paper also draws up the code of some construction technics that have been successfully applied, such as : statnamic pile test and dynamic consolidation method. |
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| EVOLUTION OF DESIGN GUIDELINES ON SOIL LIQUEFACTION ASSESSMENT |
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| 黃俊鴻、陳正興 |
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| 土壤液化、評估規範、耐震設計 |
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| 本文回顧各種簡易土壤液化評估法之發展背景與差異性，以現地案例比較各種評估方法之分析結果，藉以探討我國現行耐震設計規範中土壤液化評估方法之不合理處，繼則介紹日本道路協會1996年新版土壤液化規範之修訂內容，最後則綜合前人各項研究成果，建議應如何努力研究發展出一套適合本土使用的土壤液化評估規範，以提高我國耐震設計水準。 |
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| This paper introduces the status of soil liquefaction assessments currently used in Taiwan engineering practice. Due to the wide-spreading soil liquefaction occurrence in the 1995 Kobe earthquake, Japan Road Association has recently revised its seismic design specifications, including the guidelines on soil liquefaction assessment in 1996. Through comparison studies and case studies, this paper reveals the need for revision of local liquefaction evaluation guidelines. |
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| PRINCIPLES OF FORMULATING GUIDELINES FOR ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL MAPPING |
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| 謝敬義、張吉佐 |
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| 工程地質圖、測繪準則、解說 |
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| 工程地質圖為各類工程地質調查資料之統合成果。因目前國內各公私營機構對大型土木工程建設所進行之地質調查，其測繪標準並無統一之作業準則，故圖面之展示與表達方式不一，易導致地質資訊之判讀困擾，甚至產生誤解。本準則之編擬主要係在財團法人中興工程科技研究發展基金會的贊助下，於民國84年9月至85年8月完成。全編共分九章四十八節，內容包括：第一章總則十節，第二章現地調查九節，第三章工程地質平面圖四節，第四章鑽孔柱狀圖四節，第五章工程地質剖面圖三節，第六章開挖地質圖三節，第七章地球物理探查成果圖三節，第八章遙測影像判釋成果圖四節，第九章地質災害圖八節等。本準則訂定內容主要在於統一測繪工程地質之作業標準。因工程地質測繪重點有別於一般之地質圖，故其精度要求﹑測繪項目﹑資料記載方式及圖幅表達方式等均以條文與解說並列方式並配合實例加以說明。本文之目的旨在說明各章節之重點所在以及其測繪項目之重要性，俾使採用本準則之使用人有較佳之瞭解。 |
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| Engineering geological map is the integrated results showing the geological information from investigations on a map. At present，working precedures of geological mapping for large civil engineering projects performed by various organizations vary considerably. Consequently，the expressions or exhibitions of these map are arbitrary and way lead to misunderstanding and misinterpretation. The formulation of this guideline was sponsored by the Sinotech Engineering and Scientific Development and Research Foundation . The project was started in August 1996. The guidelines consist of nine chapters with forty eight sections. These are: Chapter 1, General; Chapter 2, Site investigations; Chapter 3, Engineering geological plan map, Chapter 4, Geological log of the bore hole； Chapter 5, Engineering geological section or profile; Chapter 6, Geological excavation map; Chapter 7, Interpretation map of geophysical prospecting; Chapter 8, Evaluation and interpretation of remote sensing imageries, and Chapter 9, Geological hazard map. The text of the guidelines specifies mainly some working standards in the preparation of engineering geological map. Requirements for precision, mapping items, mapping format are laid down in general rules through incorporation of commentaries with examples. This paper discusses the main points of importance in each chapter of the guidelines, in order that a better understanding can be attained by the person using the guidelines. |
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| DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN GUIDE FOR ROCK TUNNELS |
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| 張森源、周功台、陳堯中 |
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| 山岳隧道、設計指南、鑽炸隧道 |
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| 隧道的設計因地盤的性質尚未完全明瞭，也缺乏合理實用的分析方法，目前仍停留於經驗重於理論分析的階段。因而要訂定一套嚴謹的設計規範並不合宜。惟鑑於今後國內隧道工程甚多，訂出一套指南式設計準則仍屬需要，用於指引規劃設計的方向，並導正施工的習慣。完成的隧道工程設計準則以以往的實務經驗法則為主要依據，但也反映發展中的理論觀念，分為總則、調查與試驗，暨設計三大部分。 |
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| Due to limited knowledge of ground conditions and absence of practical analytical methods for tunnel design, tunnels in Taiwan have so far been designed on the basis of past experiences rather than the analytical approach. To develop a strictly formatted design criteria is not appropriate. As more tunnels will be constructed in the future, descriptive tunnel design guide is needed for planning and design of tunnels and for correcting some bad habits of the local tunneling operations. The guide which consists of three parts, I.e., General, Investigation and Testing, and Design, is mainly based on empirical practices with consideration of recent theoretical developments. |
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| A REVIEW OF SPECIFIC BUILDING CODE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR HILLSIDE DEVELOPMENT |
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| 李咸亨 |
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| 坡地建築專章、地錨設計參數、本土化 |
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| 本文針對民國八十七年一月一日公佈實施的「山坡地建築專章」之制定過程和物理意義，說明其扮演安全角色之重要性。同時，本文也以地錨為例，探討本土化研究與試驗獲得之設計參數在大地工程方面之必要性。 |
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| A specific building code for hillside development was published on January 1st, 1998. In order to show how important the code is, this paper reviews the processing of the code and discusses its physical meaning. By examining the design parameters for the soil and rock anchors, the paper presents the necessity on establishing the domestic geotechnical engineering data bank. |
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| SOME NOTES ON THE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF GROUND ANCHORS |
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| 廖洪鈞、張光甫 |
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| 地錨、設計、施工、維護和耐久性 |
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| 本文係針對中國土木水利工程學會編訂之「地錨設計與施工準則暨解說」中，有關預力地錨設計、施工、監造、試驗和維護等各項作業階段所應注意的事項加以探討，並提供相關查核表，以方便工程界使用。另外，因地錨耐久性問題一直是國內大地工程界所擔心的問題，所以也特別針對要如何確保預力地錨的耐久性和長期使用性，所需進行的檢測方式，加以說明。 |
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| Some key points for the design, construction, supervision, testing, and maintenance of ground anchors have been examined in this paper based on the recommendations for design and construction of ground anchors proposed by the Chinese institute of civil and hydraulic engineering . The steps needed to ensure the long term performance and durability of anchors are emphasized. To facilitate the application of the recommendations to practice, check lists for the design, construction & supervision, and maintenance of ground anchors are also included. |
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| STUDY OF GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF REINFORCED SOIL STRUCTURES |
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| 范嘉程、周南山 |
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| 加勁擋土結構、設計規範、回填土、選擇規範、土壓力、楔形穩定 |
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| 加勁擋土結構引進國內已有十餘年歷史，多使用於民間工程，近年來，公共工程亦逐漸開始接受此新一代的擋土工法。加勁擋土結構在設計理念及施工程序上均迥異於傳統混凝土擋土結構，其設計理論的研究亦只有20餘年，設計方法及施工規範亦有數種不同版本。本文乃探討美、英及我國加勁擋土結構設計及施工規範之異同，除就各國規範內容加以說明外，並比較各國規範於設計理論及回填土選擇之規定，以提供國內工程師於設計加勁擋土結構時之參考。 |
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| Reinforced soil structures have been used in Taiwan for more than 10 years. Most of them are mainly used by private corporations. Government agencies, however, become aware of and accept the new idea of reinforced soil structures during the past years. Design philosophy and construction procedure for reinforced soil structures are greatly different from those of conventional concrete retaining structures. Currently, a number of design methods and construction criteria are used by engineers in different countries since the modern development of reinforced soil structures. Available design and construction guidelines for reinforced soil structures in U.S.A., U.K., and Taiwan are introduced. In addition, design methodology and selection criterion of backfill for reinforced soil structures in these countries are also discussed. |
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