 |
|
|
 |
[ 開啟全部內容 ]
[ 隱藏全部內容 ]
|
| THE SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS-OF-SURFACE-WAVES (SASW) METHOD AND ITS APPLICATIONS |
|
| 倪勝火 |
|
| 表面波、表面波譜法、震測、剪力波速、非破壞檢測 |
|
| 表面波譜法是屬於分析雷利波之震測法，此種方法藉在頻率域分析表面波求取土層剖面之剪力波速和剪力模數。由於本法在進行試驗時，僅需將受波器置於測體表面，並在微小應變（<0.001%）下進行，此種屬於非破壞檢測試驗之特性，使其已被廣泛的應用於對測體剛性剖面之非破壞檢測評估及許多大地工程計畫施工品質管制上。本文主要在介紹此種方法之基本原理與目前比較成功的應用領域。 |
|
| A seismic method utilizing surface waves of the Rayleigh type, called the Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) method has been developed for determining the shear wave velocity and shear modules profiles of geotechnical site. All SASW field tests are performed at small-strain levels (<0.001%) with instrumentation placed only on one exposed surface. The small-strain nature and non-intrusive testing aspect make the SASW testing as a type of nondestructive testing. The SASW method has been widely used for the nondestructive evaluation of stiffness profiles of measurand and used for construction quality control of many geotechnical projects. The purpose of this paper is to present the basic principle of SASW method and its major applications in the geotechnical field. |
| |
|
| THE APPLICATION OF SURFACE WAVE PROSPECTING METHOD (SASW METHOD) |
|
| 林進興、蘇百加 |
|
| 表面波、雷利波、SASW、MASW、頻散曲線 |
|
| 表面波探測法係於地表施測之非破壞性檢測法，其主要利用不同頻率之表面波有不同之影響深度之特性，以探測不同深度之S波速度層構造，其探測深度大致在50公尺以內，主要分為SASW法及MASW法，其標準之作業程序包括：（1）於測處佈設2個或多個受波器，進行雷利波量測（2）量測分析表面波之頻散曲線圖，（3）逆推出S波速度層構造，此方法淺者可檢測混凝土結構體，深者可探測出50公尺深之S波速度層構造。 |
|
| The surface wave prospecting method that conducted on the ground surface is one of the non-destructive testing methods. The penetrating depth of the surface wave depends on the frequency of the surface wave. By the phase velocity of the difference frequency of the surface wave, the S wave velocity structure of the sublayers could be developed. The SASW and the MASW method coud be attributed to the depth of less than several tens meters. The procedure of the surfave wave prospecting is as follows： 1. To layout two or many receivers on the site and conduct the Rayleigh wave measurement, 2.Dispersion curve analysis, 3. Inversion analysis of the S wave velocity structure. The surface wave prospecting method could be applied to the nondestructive testing of the RC structure in smaller scale, and S wave velocity structure down to 50m in larger scale. |
| |
|
| APPLICATION OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING METHODS ON THE PERFORMANACE CONFIRMATION OF EXISTING GEOTECHNICAL FACILITIES |
|
| 劉 賢 淋 |
|
| 非破壞檢測、震波探測、透地雷達掃描 |
|
| 震波探測與透地雷達掃描為常使用於地工結構物檢測之非破壞檢測法，文中介紹震波法在混凝土品質、連續壁深度與壁體完整性以及擋土牆底版寬度檢測之應用，另外介紹透地雷達在機場跑道損壞原因鑑定上之應用。 |
|
| The application of two non-destructive testing methods, namely seismic method and ground penetration radar method, on the performance confirmation of the existing geotechnical facilities were introduced in this paper. The structure integrity and strength of the diaphragm wall, retaining wall, and airport taxiway were successfully examined which provides solid evidence on the superiority of non-destructive testing method. |
| |
|
| THE AUTOMATIC MONITORING SYSTEM IN LISAN LAND SLIDING AREA |
|
| 何樹根、陳斗生、詹連昌 |
|
| 監測等級、全自動化監測系統 |
|
| 梨山地滑區由數十個滑動土體所組成，而面積達230公頃，由於德基水庫及臺灣重要的東西連絡道路台八線及台七甲線均位於此地區，因而自民國七十九年發生滑動造成台七甲線中斷後，政府便持續進行各項整治工程，並設立由量測至傳輸均採自動化之監測系統，以監視地層滑動情形及瞭解整治工程成效，並作為未來地滑區管理基準值訂定之依據，這些監測系統運作已有相當時間，系統亦已達穩定成熟之狀態，本文介紹梨山地滑區之概況、監測系統設置原則及實際運作之方式，並舉例說明利用這些資料進行地滑整治成效評估、區域性之地滑管理值之訂定及地滑區管理之未來發展之方向。 |
|
| The Lisan land slide area consists of many sliding blocks within an area of approximately 230 ha. Because of a reservoir and island crossing highways located in this area, the government initiated tremendous efforts on stabilizing the area since a slide occurred in April, 1990. An automatic system was set up for monitoring the ground movement and ground water table variation in order to evaluate the effect of engineering remedial works. The system has been working for some time under a stable condition. This paper describes the system, including its planning, operation, and utilization of the data obtained from this system . |
| |
|
| GROUND PENETRATING RADAR APPLIED TO THE CIVIL ENGINEERING INSPECTION |
|
| 楊潔豪 |
|
| 透地雷達、土木、檢測 |
|
| 透地雷達法為一具非破壞檢測技術，應用於土木結構體檢測具有施測快速、方便及測勘成本低。此外，所獲雷達影像具解析度及可靠性高等，故漸受工程界重視。本文除對透地雷達特性作扼要說明外，並著重於以案例驗證其在混凝土結構體檢測上之應用。成果顯示透地雷達確實有助於土木檢測目標之達成，為一強而有力、具經濟效益且頗有發展潛力之檢測方法, 值得再進一步開發。 |
|
| Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is one of the non-destructive inspection methods widely applied in civil engineering structure since it has many advantages, such as fast and easy operation and low cost. In addition, GPR provides final image with very good resolution and the interpretation become reliable. This paper introduces some cases study of civil engineering application. The results successfully indicate the superiority of GPR method and worth for further study. |
| |
|
| GEOLOGIC DRILLING COOPERATED WITH SHALLOW REFLECTION SEISMIC PROFILING |
|
| 王乾盈 |
|
| 地質鑽井、反射震測、斷層偵測 |
|
| 鑽井是獲取地工資料最基本之方法，也是進行地工監測時常會涉及的部份。但鑽井提供的是地面一點底下之資料，井位與井位之間的連接仍屬臆測，因此，欲取得面的資料，甚或測區範圍之三維地下構造，需借諸於地表地球物理方法，其中以地電阻法及淺層反射震測法較為有效。本文以兩個實例說明以淺層反射震測剖面輔助地質鑽井。第一個例子為九二一地震車籠埔斷層300公尺鑽井之兩個案例，亦說明該地區之地震地質。另外一例為三義斷層70公尺鑽井，並對該活動斷層之偵測加以解釋，其中亦應用到一地電阻影像剖面。此二例明顯指出，若有良好的震測剖面做為引導，可以有效輔助鑽井工作進行，包括決定井位、井深、鑽法等，在結果的解釋上也可以參酌。相較於鑽井之昂貴費用，地物方法若使用得宜，應能產生一定程度的相輔相成之效用。 |
|
| The drilling is a fundamental method to obtain reliable underground geological information. However, the drilling can only provide a point information under the surface. We need other methods to extend the drill results to two or three dimensions. The geophysical method is no doubt the best one to choose. This paper provides two cases to explain how to use reflection seismic profiles to assist the drilling. One is the case of the Chelungpu fault which was induced by the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake (ML=7.4) and the other is the San-I fault. The results seem quite encouraging. With proper operations, the geophysical methods should be able to cooperate with the drilling, and produce more detailed underground geological information. |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|