英文篇名
JOINTS AND FLOW MODELS
作者
李振誥、余進利
摘要
本文旨在探討節理幾何參數及破裂岩體內水流動模型。節理幾何參數有方位與組數,密度,痕跡長度與形狀,交接性質,表面粗糙性質與內寬。上述之參數由於岩石地質之複雜性,無法有效定量化,因此須用統計方法來估計各參數可能之分佈曲線,而後再依隨機過程法組合各參數之分佈曲線,形成一節理幾何網路,代表岩體內節理分佈情形。
模擬岩體內流體流動之模型可分為兩類,一為連續模型,另一為不連續模型。此兩類模型之選擇,則與節理幾何參數及岩體規模有關,因此本文綜合常用節理幾何參數及其分佈函數,並對破碎岩體內水流動模型,作一闡述。最後,並以瑞典Stripa礦場為例,說明節理幾何參數與流動模型之應用。
英文摘要
The variation of hydraulic property within the rock mass is mainly attributed to changes in joint surface characteristics and to joint geometric parameters. The joint surface characteristics in terms of roughness, aperture and contact area under the normal stress, affect the fluid flow deformation properties and the flow states through a joint. The characteristics of joint geometric parameters, related to joint orientation, sets, trace length, intensity, size and connectivity, also affect the flow transmission through joints. These parameters are usually described by stochastic methods which lead to a variety of distributed forms. As a result, many joint geometric networks within the rock mass can be modelled to assemble such parameters.
Two approaches of flow models, discrete and continuous models, have been used to evaluate the flow properties within the rock mass. The choice between two approaches is dependent on detailed joint parameters available and the scale of the rock mass investigated.
In this paper, summarizations and discussions of characteristics of joint geometric parameters, joint system networks and flow models are presented. A case study on Stripa research mine, Sweden, is introduced to provide the experience of application on joints and flow models.