英文篇名
APPLICATION OF ELECTRIC CONE PENETROMETER
作者
陳斗生
摘要
自從對大地工程作較有系統的分析研究以來,土壤工程界即致力於研究發展現場取樣與試驗的各種機具與儀器,以期取得更具代表性之土樣及其他有關工程特性。自從微電腦被廣泛應用以來,許多土壤的試驗儀器即進入另一層次的發展階段,其中之一即是圓錐貫入儀(CPT,圖一)之研究發展,其在工程上的應用,不但更為精確與迅速,且在歐美有漸取代標準貫入試驗(SPT)及其他現場試驗的趨勢,過去十年來,電子式圓錐貫入儀發展到不但可測量一般機械式荷蘭錐所可測到的數值,即圓錐貫入阻抗(Tip Resistance)與袖管摩擦力(Sleeve Friction),以推定土層構造(Schmertmann,1978,Douglas & Olsen,1983),另可利用附加之裝置取得小型水、土樣及氣體樣品以及測量土層中之孔隙水壓、電阻與溫度,且可用以推求土層之強度液化潛能,相對密度(The Earth Technology Corporation,1981,1984;Willet & Mitchell,1981,Douglas,1982,Seed,Idriss & Arango,1983及其他工程特性,估計淺基礎及基樁承載力及沈陷量(Schmertmann,1978)。同時由CPT興SPT兩者數值間之經驗關係(Schmertmann,1978,Douglas,1982)以至現廣被採之SPT用N值設計分析公式,CPT之數據著可予以引用,值得我地工界從業人員加以注意並推廣之。
英文摘要
Electric Cone Penetrometer is the improved version of mechanical Dutch Cone Penetrometer using micro/mini computers for collecting, processing and analyzing test results. By addition of various sensing equipments, its application is expanded, not only measuring cone and sleeve frictional resistances, but also can be used to measure pore pressure, ground temperature, soil electric resistivity, field nuclear density, field permeability, lateral earth pressure, and to detect inclination, It can also be used for gas/fluid sample collection and in seismic downhole survey. After field data are processed, the soil type, relative density, equivalent 'N' value and shear strength of soils can be automatically evaluated using empirical correlations, results are printed out by computers. Bearing capacity and settlement of shallow foundations, liquefaction potential of soils and uttimate bearing capacity and settlement of shallow foundations, liquefaction potential of piles can also be estimated using CPT data.